Cultural references in Nizar Abdul Sattar’s novel ‘Juliana’
Abstract
The novelist text is based on a textile synergy between contextual cultural references, and between textual technical references, related to the requirements of the literary genre and its possibilities. It consists of a cultural and aesthetic structure, in which cultural references (historical, religious, spatial) are represented and then used in a textual aesthetic form, and this gives the narrative text a referential dimension outside the text, referring to various cultural contexts. We have an aesthetic textual reference, and an external reference represented by the general history of the characters, the facts with a documentary dimension, the realistic spatial reference, which refers to the specificity of identity and anthropology, and the intertextual religious reference, which evokes religious texts and ecclesiastical rituals, and costumes with religious loads.