Mahmood Mohammad Taha appeared among some figures who have left clear impact on Sudanese contemporary political thought. He tried to provide new lightening for the history of this thought, which created a great argument between supporter and opposition and rejection, and it was a major cause of offering his life as a price for this lightening. The research tries to deal with the most notable of these thoughts, in an attempt to assess his activating and effort on the field thought and contemporary Sudanese politics through the following points: -The beginnings of political awareness and the establishment of the republican party. - his effort and political activities. - renewed intellectual contributions.