The Effect of Detraining and Retraining on Fencer’s Specific Physical and physiological Variables

The problem is determined by not knowing the effect of detraining and
(2 - 4 weeks) retraining on the values of the following specific physical and the physiological Variables:
1. The specific physical Variables: (Accuracy, Motor speed, Transitional speed , High speed force , Explosive Power Force).
2. The physiological parameters. ( Average of heart beats parameters, Average of breathing speed, The maximum quantity of oxygen consumed ).
The Aim of Research
1. Determining the effect of (2 4 weeks) detraining on some specific physical and physiological parameters.
2. Finding out the percentages of the decline some specific physical and the physiological parameters after (2 4 weeks) detraining.
3. Finding out the effect of retraining (2 4 weeks) on some specific and physiological parameters of fencers.
4. Finding out the percentages of the increase in some specific physical and physiological parameters after (2 4 weeks) retraining.
Procedures:
1. The experimental approach has been used.
2. The specimen consist of six male fencers of the College of Physical Education University of Salahdin.
3. The subjects have taken a training course, after which they were tested to determine the level of the specific physical and physiological elements.
4. The subjects have detrained for two weeks and then they have been tested to determine the percentages of the declination of the specific physical and physiological parameters.
5. The subjects continued detraining for another two weeks and then they were tested to determine the percentages of the decrease of the specific physical and the physiological parameters.
6. The subjects have retrained for two weeks and then tested to determine the percentages of raising up the level of the specific physical and the physiological parameters.
7. The subjects continued training for another two weeks and then they were tested to determined the percentages of raising up the levels of the specific physical and physiological parameters.
8. Tests and measures have been used to collect the data.
9. Statistical means have been used to determine the percentages.
Conclusions:
1. The two weeks detraining caused a significant declination in the specific physical fitness elements except for the transition speed.
2. The four week detraining caused a significant declination in the all the specific physical elements.
3. The two week detraining caused a significant declination in the average of heart beats and the maximum quantity of the oxygen consumed, but a unsignificant in the average of breathing speed.
4. The four week detraining caused a significant declination in all the physiological parameters.
5. The decline percentages were greater after four week detraining.
6. The two-week retraining is not enough to get the specific physical and physiological elements as they were before detraining, but the four-week retraining is enough.