Researching the history of epidemics and the causes of their occurrence and their spread, especially when we note the recurrence of these epidemics throughout the Islamic centuries, is sufficient to prepare the tools for the prevention of these epidemics in the present and the future, and to prevent their recurrence, Egypt and the Levant witnessed the outbreak of dozens of epidemics, specifically during the period of research, and after careful investigation between the folds of historical sources, it became clear that many health and climatic reasons that led to the occurrence and spread of these epidemics directly. In addition to the availability of other reasons that indirectly contributed to its occurrence, for example, the many bloody wars that took place on the lands of those lands, and the resulting deaths and famines that paved the way for epidemics to enter the cities of Egypt and the Levant