Considered interest in criminalizing the fraud of medicines and medical preparations -comparative study-

Section: RESEARCH
Issue
Vol. 27 No. 91 (2025): Volume 27 Issue 91
Published
Aug 4, 2025
Pages
369-407

Abstract

It is indisputable that the significant interest in criminalizing the fraud of medicines and medical preparations has a profound impact on the quality of punitive legislation concerning this crime. Threats to human health and life, disruption of quality of life, and harm to the national economy are compelling reasons that oblige the legislator to take firm action. This includes criminalizing all acts that lead to or facilitate pharmaceutical fraud. Achieving this requires a precise definition of what constitutes medicines and medical preparations, the establishment of comprehensive legal principles to address all forms of fraud in this field, and a clear distinction between fraud and deceptionwhere fraud concerns the manufacturing process, and deception relates to the distribution and circulation of these substance.

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Authors

Wisam Alhuraishi

alrahraa university for women / Iraq / karbala

ORCID
Muna Abd Al-razaq

Karbala university

ORCID

Identifiers

https://doi.org/10.33899/arlj.2022.134953.1213
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