الحق العینی للمستأجر فی القانون الإنکلیزی دراسة تحلیلیة مقارنة بالقانون المدنی العراقی
الملخص
یعد حق المستأجر حقاً شخصیاً, کقاعدة عامة, فی ظل قانون الأحکام العام الانکلیزی, غیر المکتوب ذی الأصل العرفی, والمبنی على السوابق القضائیة للمحاکم الانکلیزیة. الذی عرف تسعة أنواع من عقود الإیجار, التی تترتب على معظمها حقوق شخصیة. وهی عقد الإیجار المحدد المدة, والإیجار الاختیاری, والإیجار الإذنی, والإیجار الإنصافی, والإیجار بالإغلاق, والإیجار القابل للتجدید على الدوام. وبالمقابل تترتب على ثلاثة منها حقوق عینیة تتمثل بحق الملکیة العقاریة المؤقتة, وهی عقود الإیجار الدوری, والإیجار العمری أو المؤبد مدى الحیاة, والإیجار الطویل الأمد لمدة تسعمائة وتسعٍ وتسعین (999) سنة.أما القانون المدنی العراقی رقم (40) لسنة 1951 عد حق المستأجر حقاً شخصیاً, یؤیده فی ذلک غالبیة الفقه فی العراق. على الرغم من أن قانون إیجار العقار المعدل رقم (87) لسنة 1979 رجح حق المستأجر العینی على حقه الشخصی.
المراجع
- Alastair Hudson. Equity and Trusts. Sixth Edition. Routledge. Cavendish. Taylor & Francis Group. London and New York. 2010.
- Alastair Hudson. New Perspectives on Property Law: Obligations and Restitution .Cavendish Publishing. London. 2004 .
- Alison Clarke & Paul Kohler. Property Law, Commentary and Materials. First Edition. Cambridge University Press. 2005.
- Barbara Bogusz and Rojer Saxton. Land Law text Cases and Materials. Fourth Edition. Oxford university Press. 2015.
- Barlow Burke and Joseph Snoe. Property . Fifth Edition. Wolters Kluwer. New York. 2016.
- Cathy J. Okrent . Torts and personal injury law, Fifth Edition, DELMAR, 2015.
- Chris Davies. Property Law Guidebook. Second Edition. Oxford University Press. 2015.
- D8. aniel F. Hinkel. Essentials of Practical Real Estate Law. Sixth Edition. CENGAGE Learning. 2016. P.83.
- E. H Burn and J. Cartwright. Cheshire and Burn's Modern law of Real Property. Seventeenth Edition. Oxford University Press. 2006.
- Elizabeth Cooke. Modern Studies in Property Law. Volume 4. HART Publishing. 2007.
- https://legalvision.com.au/q-and-a/difference-assignment-subletting/
- https://swarb.co.uk/b-j-aviation-ltd-v-pool-aviation-ltd-ca-18-jan-2002/
- https://swarb.co.uk/berrisford-v-mexfield-housing-co-operative-ltd-sc-9-nov-2011/
- https://swarb.co.uk/brown-v-gould-1972/
- https://swarb.co.uk/javad-v-aqil-ca-15-may-1990/
- https://swarb.co.uk/lace-v-chantler-ca-1944/
- https://swarb.co.uk/lisc/LanTe18491899.php
- https://swarb.co.uk/longrigg-burrough-trounson-v-smith-ca-1979/
- https://swarb.co.uk/marshall-v-berridge-ca-1881/
- https://www.bradley.com/insights/publications/2003/09/assignments-and-subleases-the-basics.
- https://www.isurv.com/directory_record/3265/beer_v_bowden
- https://www.lawteacher.net/cases/bass-holdings-v-morton-music.php
- https://www.lawteacher.net/cases/harvey-v-pratt.php
- https://www.lawteacher.net/cases/kings-motors-oxford-ltd-v-lax.php
- https://www.lawteacher.net/cases/prudential-assurance-v-london-residuary-body.php
- https://www.sleeblackwell.co.uk/legal-articles/everything-you-always-wanted-to-know-about-leases-but-were-too-afraid-to-ask.
- James Karp & Elliot Klayman. Real Estate Law. Fifth Edition. Dearborn Financial Publishing Inc. 2003.
- John Cartwright, Contract Law: An Introduction to the English Law of Contract for the Civil Lawyer, Second Edition, Hart Publishing Ltd, 2013
- Louise Tee. Land Law, Issues Debates, Policy. Routledge Taylor & Francis Group. London. 2014.
- Meryl Thomas. Blackstone's statutes on Property Law 2017-2018. Twenty-Fifth Edition. Oxford University Press. 2017.
- Richard Card, John Murdoch, Sandi Murdoch. Real Estate Management Law. Seventh Edition. Oxford University Press.2011.
- Rojer J. Smith. Property Law: Cases and Materials. Fifth Edition. Pearson Education Limited. Essex England. 2012.
- Rojer J. Smith. Property Law. Eighth Edition.PEARSON Education Limited. London. 2014.
- Samantha Hepburn. Principles Of Property Law. Second Edition. Cavendish Publishing. London. 2001.