The Right of Ownership in the English Law /An Analytical Comparative Study with the Iraqi Civil Law

Section: Review Paper
Issue
Vol. 27 No. 89 (2024): Volume 27 Issue 89
Published
Aug 4, 2025
Pages
30-70

Abstract

In English law, the right of ownership Is regarded as the most significant and highest-ranking real right, granting the owner extensive powers to alienate, use, and exploit property, along with exclusive physical control. This right encompasses a "bundle of rights" for the owner and Is considered absolute, allowing unrestricted enjoyment of ownership. However, certain limitations may apply, such as real charges and overriding rights, particularly on registered lands, which bind the owner regardless of registry status. In contrast, Iraqi Civil Law No. (40) of 1951 recognizes ownership as an original real right from which all other real rights derive. It is perpetual, exclusive to the owner, and comprehensive in its scope, with protective measures against third-party claims. This study provides a comparative analysis of these twoa pproaches to ownership.

References

  1. Burke. Barlow, & Snoe. Joseph, Property, Examples and Explanations . Fifth Edition. (Wolters Kluwer. New York| 2016)
  2. Cathy J. , Torts and personal injury law, Fifth Edition, (DELMAR | 2015).
  3. Chris, Property Law Guidebook. Second Edition. (Oxford University Press | 2015)
  4. Clarke. Alison, & Kohler. Paul, Property Law, Commentary and Materials. First Edition. (Cambridge University Press| 2005)
  5. Daniel F., Practical Real Estate Law. Fifth Edition . (West Legal Studies. New York | 2008)
  6. Diane, Land Law. Eighth Edition. (Pearson Education Limited, Longman | 2008)
  7. Douglas, Law and the Built Environment. First Edition. (MACMILLAN PRESS LTD. London | 1999)
  8. Duncan, The Principles of Personal Property Law. Second Edition. (Hart publishing. Oxford| 2011).
  9. Elizabeth, The New Law of Land Registration. (Hart Publishing| 2003)
  10. Hepburn. Samantha, Principles Of Property Law. Second Edition. (Cavendish Publishing. London| 2001).
  11. https://info.courthousedirect.com/blog/bid/336876/what-s-the-difference-between-legal-title-and-equitable-title
  12. https://swarb.co.uk/cope-v-sharpe-no-2-ca-1912
  13. https://swarb.co.uk/cresswell-v-sirl-ca-1948/
  14. https://www.lawteacher.net/free-law-essays/land-law/under-the-land-registration-act-law-essays.php
  15. https://www.legalmatch.com/law-library/article/what-is-equitable-title.html
  16. Hudson. Alastair, Equity and Trusts. Sixth Edition. (Routledge. Cavendish. Taylor & Francis Group. London and New York| 2010)
  17. John, Contract Law: An Introduction to the English Law of Contract for the Civil Lawyer, Second Edition, (Hart Publishing Ltd | 2013)
  18. John, Land Law. Third Edition. Longman, (Pearson Education Limited. London | 2011)
  19. Kate, Land Law. Third Edition. (MACMILLAN LAW MASTERS | 1997)
  20. Kevin, & Gray. Susan, Elements of Land Law. Fifth Edition. (Oxford University Press| 2009)
  21. Martin, Modern Land Law. seventh Edition. (Routledge Taylor & Francis Group. London and New York| 2010)
  22. Martin, Principles of Land Law. Fourth Edition. (Cavendish Publishing Limited. London| 2002)
  23. McFarlane. Ben, & Hopkins. Nicholas, & Nield. Sarah, Land Law Text cases and Materials. (Oxford University Press. Second Edition | 2012)
  24. Michael, Personal Property Law. Fourth Edition. (Oxford University Press | 2015)
  25. Peter, A New Land Law. Second Edition. (Hart Publishing. Portland, Oregon| 2003)
  26. Rojer J. , Introduction to Land Law. Second Edition. (Longman Pearson Education Limited| 2010).
  27. Rojer J., Property Law: Cases and Materials. Fifth Edition. (Pearson Education Limited. Essex England| 2012).
  28. Rojer J., Property Law. Eighth Edition. (PEARSON Education Limited. London| 2014)
  29. Steven L. Emanuel. Emanuel law outlines. Property. Ninth Edition. )Wolters Kluwer. New York| 2017(
  30. The Land Registration Act
  31. The Land Registration Act 1925.
  32. The law of property Act 1925.
  33. Wilman. John, Brown: GCSE Law. Ninth Edition. (Thomson Sweet & Maxwell | 2005)
  34. . . . . . ) . | 1982(
  35. . . . ) . | 1982(
  36. . . . . ) . | 1963(
  37. . . . ) . | 1967(
  38. . ) |2012(
  39. . . . . . . ) | 2006(
  40. . . . . ) | 2004(
  41. . . , , ) |1990)
  42. . . . . ) . | 2006(
  43. (40) 1951.
  44. . . . ) | 2005(
  45. . . , , , , . ) . | 2003(
  46. . . ) | 2002(
  47. . . : - . . ) . | 2017(
  48. . . . . ) . | 2018. (
  49. . . . . . ) . | 2019(
  50. . , . ) | 2006(
  51. . . . . ) . | 1982(
  52. . 43 1971. . . ) . | 2008(
  53. . . . ) . | 2018( .
  54. . . . . ) | 1954(

Author

Younis Al-Mukhtar

Department of Law. College of law and international & diplomatic relations. Jihan private University. Erbil. Iraq

ORCID

Identifiers

https://doi.org/10.33899/alaw.2021.129149.1118
Download this PDF file
PDF

Statistics