Shifts in the Turkish Strategy towards the Middle East

The research aims to shed light on the changes in the Turkish strategy towards the variables and interactions of the Middle East region since 2002 until now, as the interactions of the region have resulted in a number of challenges that hindered the Turkish performance towards the region, which prompted it to follow a number of strategies to contain the changes that resulted from the interactions of the region according to its perceptions and realizations towards the region, through a number of tactical strategies that it employed to achieve its strategic goals and interests, as it relied at the beginning of its regional rise in 2002 on a strategy (zero issues and crises) with its regional neighbors, which achieved great regional acceptance, but the changes in the region after 2011 prompted it to change this strategy with a strategy of direct military intervention to defend its security and political interests, especially in northern Syria, to strengthen its solid presence in the region, which negatively affected its regional and international relations, and prompted it to adopt a strategy of extinguishing and zero issues again after 2021 to maintain its regional gains and regional role.