The effect of Keller’s model is accompanied by direct mental training, focusing attention, and teaching volleyball skills to students.

The current study aims to uncover the impact of the Keller model, accompanied by direct mental exercise, the traditional method of attention focus, and learning some basic volleyball skills among students. The two researchers hypothesized that there would be significant differences between the pre-test and post-test results of the experimental and control groups in terms of attention focus and learning some basic volleyball skills among students. To benefit from the pre-test, this study was conducted with first-year students in the Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences at the College of Basic Education, University of Mosul. The two researchers used the experimental method due to its suitability for the study problem. The study population was deliberately selected for first-year students in the Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences at the College of Basic Education, University of Mosul, for the academic year 2021-2022 because this subject is taught in this current year. The total number of male and female students was 75, distributed across three classrooms: A, B, and C. Classroom A had 28 students, Classroom B had 24 students, and Classroom C had 23 students. The two researchers used the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) program, and the results showed the superiority of the Keller model accompanied by direct mental exercise over the traditional method in enhancing attention focus and learning some basic volleyball skills among students.