Salem Sheet Al-Zubaidi, Osama, أسامة, Faiza Hamza Abbas, and فائزة. “Developing Religious, Language, Grammar and Literature Sciences in Andalusian Cities Founded by Muslims in the Era of the Emirate and the Caliphate (138-422 AH / 755-1031 AD)”. Adab Al-Rafidayn 51, no. 87 (June 24, 2025): 242–469. Accessed August 3, 2025. https://ojs.uomosul.edu.iq/index.php/radab/article/view/2670.