Alrahhal, Abdalla, عبدالله, Abdullah Hafith Alhaj Abdullah, and عبدالله. “The Social Status of Slaves in the Arabian Peninsula During the Prophetic Era”. Adab Al-Rafidayn 55, no. 100 (June 24, 2025): 341–352. Accessed August 6, 2025. https://ojs.uomosul.edu.iq/index.php/radab/article/view/1776.