AlDeen Kalil, E., and عماد. “The Strength of the State Abu Sa`id Karbuqa: The First Seljuk Ruler in Mosul 489-495 AH / 1095-1101 CE”. Adab Al-Rafidayn, vol. 4, no. 5, June 2025, pp. 151-76, doi:10.33899/radab.1974.166417.