Altrwna, Mubark, درید, Dured Nuri, and مبارک. 2025. “Social Life in the Levant in the Era of Circassian Mamluks (784-922 AH / 1382-1516 AD) (PhD Thesis)”. Adab Al-Rafidayn 34 (38):339-40. https://doi.org/10.33899/radab.2004.164928.