Mahdi M, محمد. The trends of the central government of Sultan Mahmud II and their impact on the states and cities of Iraq (1831-1839). JEH [Internet]. 2025 Jun. 24 [cited 2025 Aug. 5];3:29-48. Available from: https://ojs.uomosul.edu.iq/index.php/jeh/article/view/5661