The Effect of The Political Reality on The Age of Ibn Khulkan (d. 681 A.H.)

The research aims to shed light on the historical era that the historian Ibn Khallikan witnessed, which extended between the years (608-682 AH / 1210-1282 AD), while addressing the period preceding his birth, as that period witnessed several fundamental developments and pivotal events that left their mark on political events, and were represented in the emergence of forces that influenced the course of events, and their impact was reflected in the political reality during the era in which Ibn Khallikan grew up and was raised, as he witnessed the emergence of different forces that had influenced the political scene represented by the Crusades, and the Mongol invasion as an invading external force on the one hand, in addition to the local internal forces represented by the Ayyubid state operating in the region, the Zengid state and then the Mamluk state later, in addition to the conflicts that erupted between them later, which affected the region, and the research also dealt with the local environment in which Ibn Khallikan grew up, specifically in the city of Erbil, under the rule of Prince Muzaffar al-Din Kokburi, who had a clear contribution to shaping Features of that cultural and intellectual environment.