Active Tectonics Assessment Using Geomorphic and Drainage Indices in the Balak River Basin, Iraq

The main Balak River basin is located at an altitude of 543 m-3619 m, in the northeast of Erbil Governorate. Within the Zagros-Taurus geological part, according to Jassim Goff and (2006) division of Iraq. The basin extends within zones of: high folds, Imbricated and thrust faults. The quantification of geomorphological indices, which are widely used to evaluate tectonic activity, has been chosen with the help and development of digital elevation data analysis within GIS, thus, providing more efficient processing in geomorphological data management. Emergence of interest in the influence of faults and deformations on fold growth and the evolution of drainage basins. And surface runoff. The results of the I_AT index showed that the main Balak Basin falls into the very high activity category. With the variation in categories between its secondary basins, between the second category, which is the category of high tectonic activity, such as the Derband, Haji Omran, Sukran, Qasri, Akoyan, Razanuk basins, and Doula Tora basin. Because it is located along the thrust and normal faults extending in the eastern, northeastern, and southeastern sides of the study area. The third category is the moderate activity category for the Nawanda, Khelan and Rusty basins. The presence of neotectonic movements in the study area is also evident from the high values of S_L, the formation of asymmetric basins, valleys deviated from the center line of their basins, low values of V_F, and thus the formation of narrow and deep valleys in the shape of a V, due to the high rates of uplift and deep vertical incision of the currents, due to the dominance of tectonic activity. On corrosion processes. And the integration of Hypsometric maturity for the study area and its basins.